The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.